Clinical Characteristics of Marfan Syndrome in Korea

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance and a highly variable clinical spectrum. However, there are limited data available on the clinical features of Korean patients with MFS. The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Korean patients with MFS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We included all patients who were diagnosed with MFS between January 1995 and May 2015 at a single tertiary medical center. Patients with an MFS-related disorder including MASS phenotype (myopia, mitral valve prolapse, borderline and non-progressive aortic root dilatation, skeletal findings, and striae), mitral valve prolapse syndrome, and ectopia lentis syndrome were excluded. A total of 343 Korean patients aged ≥15 years who satisfied the revised Ghent nosology were included. RESULTS The mean patient age at diagnosis was 35.9±12.6 years and 172 (50.1%) patients were male. Median follow-up duration was 52.8 months. A total of 303 patients (88.6%) had aortic root dilatation with Z score ≥2 or aortic root dissection. Ectopia lentis was relatively less common (163 patients, 55.1%) and systemic score ≥7 was found in 217 patients (73.8%). Among 219 probands, a family history of MFS was present in 97 patients (44.5%) and sporadic cases in 121 patients (55.5%). Among the 157 probands who underwent genetic analysis, 141 (89.8%) had an FBN1 mutation associated with aortic root aneurysm/dissection. Aortic dissection (AD) or intramural hematoma (IMH) was identified in 110 patients (32.1%). Among the 221 patients without AD or IMH, descending aortic aneurysms were identified in 19 patients (8.6%). Two hundred thirteen patients (62%) underwent cardiovascular surgery of any type. Eight patients died during follow-up. CONCLUSION We described the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Korean MFS patients. Cardiovascular manifestations were commonly detected and FBN1 mutation was present in approximately 90% of patients. In contrast, ectopia lentis was identified in approximately half of patients. Our findings will be informative for the evaluation of patients with MFS.